Author Archive for chrismorrow

Can China Save the Beleaguered Yangtze River?

Photo retrieved from: AlterNet.org

“Overfishing, pollution, and habitat fragmentation from dams — including the massive Three Gorges Dam — have brought the Yangtze to its current state. With more dams planned and Chinese officials intoxicated with unbridled economic growth, the future looks just as grim for the Yangtze’s vanishing species. Much of the river basin “will soon be a mere semblance of its natural state, offering few prospects for persistence of what remains of the river’s unique biodiversity,” says David Dudgeon, an aquatic ecologist at the University of Hong Kong.

“All is not yet lost, however. Seasonal fishing bans have given some species a breather. “We can save the remaining ecology of the Yangtze,” argues Xie Songguang, an ecologist at the Institute of Hydrobiology in Wuhan. The potential savior that he and others are counting on is a 10-year fishing moratorium. Such a ban may seem drastic, but it would have a tiny effect on fish markets, as the Yangtze supplies less than 1 percent of China’s freshwater fish production, including aquaculture. A ban is feasible — if the political willpower can be summoned to implement it. With the Yangtze’s ecological health in obvious decline and the economic toll of a ban manageable, the prospects for a moratorium are looking better and better, experts say.”

read more: AlterNet

Pakistan Flooding Because of Farms?

Photo: People wading through flood waters

Photo retrieved from: National Geographic

“The major river engineering is basically a Faustian bargain,” says Daanish Mustafa of King’s College London, recalling the fable in which a man sells his soul to the devil in exchange for a life of luxury. Mustafa is a geographer who has studied the history of Pakistan’s river management.

“Until a few decades ago, there were typically mild floods each summer–the time when the monsoon rainfall hits, and the melt from the snowpack in the Himalaya and Karakoram Mountains is at its peak.

“But now, because humans have sculpted the river and the surrounding natural floodplain and wetlands for farming and other needs, there are fewer floods, but when they hit, they are far worse, said Mustafa.

“There’s not very much space [in the river channel] to absorb all the rainfall,” says Asad Sarwar Qureshi, a water resources expert at the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) branch in Lahore, Pakistan. “We need to get it back into shape, so that it can carry its original capacity.”

“Wetlands along the river’s course used to take up some floodwaters, and the government also used to divert excess water into “no man’s land” during the monsoon season, he says. But those areas have been converted to farmland, he says . . .

“Allowing the river to flood more regularly, and naturally, could help temper the floods and make them more tolerable, say Mustafa and other experts . . .

“Managing Pakistan’s floods is a delicate balance between giving the river more room, and building barriers to protect people and their land.”

read more: National Geographic

New Online Map Plots 140 Large Dams Planned for the Amazon

Photo retrieved from: dams-info.org

“An interactive online database and map launched today graphically illustrates the impacts from more than 140 large dams at various stages of planning in the Amazon Basin. This unique resource, available at www.dams-info.org, uses official sources of information to document the shocking number of dams planned in the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, and outlines the devastation these projects would bring to the river and its peoples.

“The Amazon plays a key role in regulating the world’s climate and is an area of extraordinary biodiversity. The largest and arguably the most important river basin in the world, the Amazon contains 60% of the world’s remaining tropical rainforest. However, the more than 140 dam projects described in the database threaten irrevocable damage to the Amazon’s biological integrity and to local populations whose livelihoods depend upon healthy riverine ecosystems.

“Available in English, Spanish and Portuguese, the “Dams in Amazonia” database presents technical and economic data about existing, planned and partly built dams. In the Brazilian Amazon alone, more than 60 dams are planned; neighboring countries such as Peru, Bolivia and Colombia also have plans for massive projects.

“It’s astounding to see the plans that governments and the dam industry have for the world’s most important river basin. If all these projects are built, it would be catastrophic for the Amazon ecosystem and the livelihoods of hundreds of thousands of indigenous people and riverbank dwellers who depend on the river for survival,” said Brent Millikan, Amazon Program Director for International Rivers.”

read more: International Rivers

Conservation key in dealing with Delta water supply impact

water-conservation

Photo retrieved from: greenzer.com

“Most of us don’t think about the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta very often. Even those of us who have visited the Delta for a fishing trip, a boating excursion or to see some of the historic Delta towns, often skip over headlines about the ecological struggles of the Delta and the impact on the state’s water supply.

“It’s time to start paying attention. The health of the Delta is already having a big impact on Santa Clara County’s water supply. Due to several years of drought and new regulatory restrictions to protect Delta fish, we’re receiving only a fraction of our imported water allocations. Because more than half of our water comes from Sacramento and San Joaquin River watersheds, delivered through and around the Delta, the Delta’s health is vital to our residents and local economy.

“Santa Clara Valley Water District is actively working with fisheries experts, environmental groups and other water agencies on the Bay-Delta Conservation Plan to meet the goals of restoring Delta ecosystem health and improving water supply reliability. Meanwhile, we are actively expanding recycled water, conservation and other local programs to reduce our dependence on water conveyed through the Delta and as part of our long-term strategy to meet future water supply needs.

“The Santa Clara Valley Water District’s board of directors has continued the call for mandatory conservation measures, partly in response to these Delta issues. We applaud the residents and businesses that have heeded the call. However, increased and continued conservation needs to become the new norm in Santa Clara County.”

read more: Mercury News

Something’s not right about this California water deal

Lawsuit challenges control of Kern Water Bank

The Kern Water Bank is shown 15 miles west of Bakersfield in this Jan. 6, 2009, photo. (AP Photo/Contra Costa Times, Karl Mondon) Photo retrieved from BakersfieldNow.com

“Students of California’s history of gold and oil rushes know it’s filled with examples of profiteering, conspiracy, influence-peddling and other chicanery.

“So there’s no reason the story should be any different with that liquid gold of the 21st century, water.

“That’s the theme of a lawsuit filed a few weeks ago alleging there’s something smelly about how a group of private interests — notably a huge agribusiness owned by the wealthy Southern California couple Stewart and Lynda Resnick — got control of an underground water storage project the state had already spent $75 million to develop.

‘The lawsuit was filed by a group of water agencies and environmental groups contending that the transaction was essentially a gift of public property to private interests and therefore violates the state constitution.

“They’re asking a judge to reverse the deal. That way, they contend, the storage facility can be integrated into the state’s water management plan, so a precious and dwindling natural resource can serve everyone in the state, not just a few powerful farm companies and real estate developers.”

read more: LA Times

Great Reasons to Get Rid of Your Lawn

Photo retrieved from: AlterNet.org

Unless you own a sheep, you’re actually doing harm to the environment every time you water and cut the green patches in the front and backyard.

“In her recent piece in USA Today, Laura Vanderkam takes an environmental stand against the family yard:

“Mowing itself requires fuel, just like our cars, with a similar impact on the environment. And all these woes are before you even get to the issue of water. According to Kress, maintaining non-native plants requires 10,000 gallons of water per year per lawn, over and above rainwater. That water doesn’t just show up by itself; it requires energy to get to your hose. In California, for example, the energy required to treat and move water amounts to 19 percent of total electricity use in the state.”

“Vanderkam got me thinking. In her article, she states that maintaining a lawn is one of the most difficult – and therefore potentially environmentally unfriendly – activities one can associate with home ownership.”

read more: AlterNet

Groundwater is a private property right, Texans say

Photo retrieved from: www.crwr.utexas.edu

“Texas landowner groups have joined forces in an effort to ensure that groundwater continues to be recognized as a vested, real private property right. The groups will host educational forums throughout the state to help the public understand current groundwater ownership issues.

“Groundwater is owned by private landowners,” said Dave Scott, TSCRA president and rancher. “The Texas Constitution and more than 100 years of case law support this. Unfortunately this property right is under attack. Landowners must defend their ownership of groundwater on the legal, regulatory and legislative fronts.”

“There’s no doubt that secure, protectable property rights best assure conservation and stewardship of all resources, including groundwater,” said Texas Wildlife Association President Tina Y. Buford. “The way private landowners, acting as land stewards, manage their property directly influences quantity and quality of groundwater available to all Texans.”

“According to estimates by the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB), by 2060 Texas’ population will more than double, increasing its water demand by 27 percent. Because groundwater from Texas aquifers supply more than half the water for the state, it is critical that groundwater resources be managed to provide for current and future use.”

read more: Drovers

Pakistan floods leave millions stranded with no food or water

Pakistani flood affected people look towards an army helicopter which was dropping relief supplies at the heavily flooded area of Rajanpur, in central Pakistan Sunday, August 15, 2010. AP. Photo retrieved from: Haaretz.com

“Pakistan authorities forecast on Monday a brief respite in rains that sparked the country’s
worst floods in decades, but aid agencies warned help was too slow to arrive for millions without clean water, food and homes.

“Water levels in the Indus River feeding Pakistan’s plains have fallen in Punjab, the country’s most populous and worst hit province, although flooding would stay high where
embankments were breached. In Sindh province, flooding could get worse.

“The speed with which the situation is deteriorating is frightening,” said Neva Khan, Oxfam’s country director in Pakistan.

“Communities desperately need clean water, latrines and hygiene supplies, but the resources currently available cover only a fraction of what is required.”

read more: Haaretz.com

Voters approve Pajaro Valley water pumping fee: New rates go into effect Oct. 1

Photo retrieved from: WatsonvilleWetlandsWatch.org

“WATSONVILLE – The Pajaro Valley Water Management Agency’s two-year struggle for financial solvency came to an end Tuesday with a successful passage of a new fee on groundwater pumping.

“Fewer than 50 percent of the mail-in ballots sent to Pajaro Valley well owners were cast, but 72 percent of the votes went in favor of the fee that will enable the agency to operate water projects, pay its debts and turn its attention to finding solutions to groundwater overdraft.

“The new rates – $156 to $195 an acre foot of groundwater, along with a separate charge of $306 per acre foot of delivered irrigation water – will raise $10 million annually, and will go into effect Oct. 1.

“This vote shows that the water users themselves see the need for concerted action to reduce the overdraft, find new supplemental water supplies, and increase conservation,” said Rosemarie Imazio, board chair. “This positive outcome is the result of a tremendous commitment of time and energy by the agency board, staff and the public, which recognizes the need for strong and effective local control and management of this critical resource.”

read more: San Jose Mercury News

Sea Level Rise Threatens Drinking Water of 15 Million Americans

Sea_Level_Threatens_Delaware

Sea level rise threatens Delaware Estuary. Photo retrieved from: BlueLivingIdeas.com

“Fresh water that now is flowing to the sea in the Delaware estuary is threatened by future sea-level rise resulting from rising temperatures caused by greenhouse gas emissions, a new study finds. As sea levels rise, salt water will move inland up the estuary. Drinking water for over 15 million people will be endangered.

The Partnership for the Delaware Estuary studied impacts on drinking water, tidal wetlands and shellfish like the local oysters and freshwater mussels in “Climate Change and the Delaware Estuary.” and how people can adapt to help protect the threatened resources.

“The study warned that drinking water infrastructure like treatment plants could be damaged or inundated by flooding, sea-level rise and storm surge, because they are placed close to water resources, right in the path of flooding and storm surge.

“Currently a narrow fringe of freshwater wetlands protects the freshwater, but the wetland marsh plants are very susceptible to rising salinity.”

read more: Blue Living Ideas

Clean water bottle wins UK leg of James Dyson Award

Tim Whitehead shows off his invention

Tim Whitehead is now in the running for a £10,000 prize. Photo retrieved from: BBC

“The water bottle contains two chambers. Dirty water is put in an outer chamber and the inner chamber is plunged through it, filtering water particles as small as four microns.

“Once filtered, the water is sterilised by a wind-up ultraviolet bulb in a process lasting 90 seconds.

“A prototype was effective in killing 99.9% of bacteria and viruses.

“Professor Matthew Harrison, who is one of the judges and also director of education programmes at the Royal Academy of Engineering, commented: “Pure provides a practical solution to a real problem – how to get clean drinking water in the most hostile of conditions.

“It has the potential to make a real difference to people’s lives.”

read more: BBC

Despite dam-building, enviros pump money into governor’s water bond

Prop. 18 would built a dam upstream of the Friant Dam on the San Joaquin River. Photo retrieved from: CaliforniaWatch.org

“Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger’s plan for a $11.4 billion state water bond – conceived last summer in the third year of a crippling drought – is on the bubble, as the San Diego Union Tribune’s copy desk has punned.

“The ballot measure was intended to restore the collapsing ecosystem of the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, promote water conservation and, not incidentally, build a giant dam on the San Joaquin upstream of the mammoth Friant Dam in Fresno County.

“Analysts concerned with California’s fiscal health wondered whether a state already staggering under the burden of a multibillion-dollar deficit should saddle itself with billions in new debt.

“Meanwhile, the dam proposal roused the ire of the Sierra Club and a long list of other green groups. They noted that most western states are demolishing dams out of environmental concerns, not putting up new ones.

“The consumer group Food & Water Watch, which opposes Prop. 18, contends that some green organizations lining up behind the water bond could benefit from its passage.”

read more: California Watch

Shocking Negligence: Gas Companies Drilling in Pennsylvania Have Committed Nearly 1,500 Environmental Violations in Just Two Years

Photo retrieved from: AlterNet

“Since 2008, Pennsylvanians whose property sits atop the gas-rich Marcellus Shale formation have suffered through enough environmental problems to clutter an encyclopedia: A is for arsenic, found in soil at concentrations of 2,600 times what’s recommended. M is for methane — enough to blow up a concrete well. X is for the toxin xylene. Et cetera. Sometimes troubles like these occur naturally. But recently, they have become the M.O. of an increasingly reckless natural gas industry — one that’s been exempt from nearly a dozen important environmental laws since 2005.

“A report published Monday by Pennsylvania Land Trust vividly illustrates the breadth of the gas industry’s complicity in drilling accidents across the state. According to the findings, 43 gas companies operating in Pennsylvania were responsible for nearly 1,500 environmental violations between Jan. 1, 2008 and July 25, 2010. A few of these companies had more violations than actual wells drilled.”

read more: AlterNet

Stalling on the water bond is good for private interests, bad for average Californians

The Columbia irrigation canal draws river water east of Mendota in Fresno County. (Photo by Michael Macor / The San Francisco Chronicle)

“Legislation to delay the $11 billion water bond is expected to be taken up in the State Legislature on Monday. Sadly, this stalling tactic is an attempt to pull a fast one on voters.

“Supporters of the water bond, which would cost California taxpayers $22 billion over 30 years, hope that in two years voters will forget how bad it is. That will also give bond supporters time to gather the millions of dollars needed to push their message out statewide. We shouldn’t be fooled: a vote to postpone this bad bill is a vote to keep it on life support.

“While pulling the plug on the water bond now and starting anew is the best thing for California, the second best option is to let Prop 18 go to the ballot in November. If our Bay Area legislators want to do right by the public, they will vote against A.B. 1265, the bill to postpone the water bond to 2012.

“The battle over the bond has been framed in many circles as a battle between farmers and fishermen, or between Northern and Southern California. But a report released by Food & Water Watch yesterday suggests that the real battle is between private and public interests, with private interests across the state set to gain measurably if the bond is passed. Peter Gleick’s post on Tuesday highlighted what Proposition 18 actually says and does. Now with this report, we know who stands to benefit most from the bloated bond and it’s not the general water-drinking public. That will continue to be the case two years from now.

“We find that bond beneficiaries would include the Obayashi Corporation, a large Japanese contractor working on the San Vicente Dam in San Diego; Warren Buffet, whose Berkshire Hathaway subsidiary Pacificorp would have costs associated with the removal of its dams on the Klamath River offset by bond funds; and Cadiz, Inc., which could access bond money for a groundwater bank in the Mojave Desert where it would store Colorado River water and resell it at a profit to Southern California communities.”

read more: SF Chronicle

Pacific Institute Analyzes the 2010 California Water Bond

It is a critical time in California water policy.
Water Bond ReportAt the end of 2009, a series of water-related bills was passed by the California Legislature, with the intent of moving the state out of decades of gridlock over water resource management. Simultaneously, the Legislature approved an $11.14 billion bond called the “Safe, Clean, and Reliable Drinking Water Supply Act of 2010” to fund water system upgrades. This is the largest water bond in 50 years, yet the costs and benefits of the bond have not been fully assessed by an independent organization. The Governor recently proposed postponing the bond, but the Legislature has not yet taken the action required to have it pulled off of the November ballot.

The Pacific Institute’s Water Program and Community Strategies for Sustainability and Justice Program have collaborated on an independent analysis of the bond and released the report: The California 2010 Water Bond: What Does It Say and Do? The questions addressed by our analysis include:

  • What does the bond language actually cover and say?
  • How does the bond compare to past water bonds in size, definitions, and scope?
  • How will the bond be allocated among different funding priorities?
  • What are the governance implications of the bond?
  • What options are available for funding water system improvements?
  • What effect would the bond have on other critical public services and projects funded by the state?
  • How are the water needs of disadvantaged communities addressed by the bond?

The full report of our independent analysis of the 2010 Water Bond is available, as well as three NEED TO KNOW Information Sheets.

Trash Threatens To Block Three Gorges Gates In China

Three Gorges

Photo Retrieved from: Huffington Post

“BEIJING — Intense flooding has swept thick layers of garbage down the Yangtze River that are threatening to block the gates of the Three Gorges Dam, state media reported Monday.

“The large amount of waste in the dam area could jam the miter gate of the Three Gorges Dam,” dam official Chen Lei told the official China Daily in an interview, referring to the dam’s huge shipping locks.

“Chen said heavy downpours have pushed unusually large amounts of garbage downstream, including tree branches, plastic bottles and other domestic waste. Nearly 3,000 tons (6 million pounds) of garbage are collected from the dam daily, but there is not enough manpower and equipment to clear it all, he said.

“A layer of garbage about 60 centimeters deep (nearly 2 feet) covering an area of more than 50,000 square meters (about a half million square feet) began to form in front of the dam when the rainy season began in early July, the China Daily reported, citing the Hubei Daily newspaper. In some areas, the trash is so thick that people can walk on it, it said.”

read more: Huffington Post

Water Scarcity Facing 1/3 of US Counties

Counties shown in dark red are at greatest risk of water shortage by 2050. (Map courtesy Tetra Tech) Photo Retrieved from: AlterNet

“One out of three U.S. counties is facing a greater risk of water shortages by mid-century due to global warming, finds a new report by Tetra Tech for the Natural Resources Defense Council.

“For 412 of these counties the risk of water shortages will be “extremely high,” according to the report, a 14-fold increase from previous estimates.

“In the Great Plains and Southwest United States, water sustainability is at extreme risk finds the report, which is based on publicly available water use data from across the United States.

“This analysis shows climate change will take a serious toll on water supplies throughout the country in the coming decades, with over one out of three U.S. counties facing greater risks of water shortages,” said Dan Lashof, director of the Climate Center at NRDC. “Water shortages can strangle economic development and agricultural production and affected communities.”

“As a result,” he said, “cities and states will bear real and significant costs if Congress fails to take the steps necessary to slow down and reverse the warming trend.”

“The report, issued Tuesday, finds that 14 states face an extreme or high risk to water sustainability, or are likely to see limitations on water availability as demand exceeds supply by 2050. ”

read more: AlterNet

Death toll rises in Pakistan floods

“The death toll from Pakistan’s worst floods in living memory has exceeded 1,100 and rescue workers are struggling to save more than 27,000 people trapped.

“Officials on Sunday said that more than 1.5 million people have been affected by the floods, as bloated rivers washed away villages and triggered devastating landslides throughout the northwest of the country.

“They warned the death toll could go even higher as rescuers have been unable to access certain areas.

“Aerial monitoring is being conducted, and it has shown that whole villages have washed away, animals have drowned and grain storages have washed away,” Latifur Rehman, a spokesman for the Provincial Disaster Management Authority, said.

“The destruction is massive.”

read more: Al Jazerra

Rick Longinotti: City should wait on UCSC water decision

Loch Lomond Reservoir

Loch Lomond Reservoir. Photo retrieved from: CityofSantaCruz.com

“In 2006, city voters passed Measure J with an 80 percent majority. Under Measure J any new water service for UC Santa Cruz expansion would have to be approved by voters. UCSC immediately filed a lawsuit to overturn Measure J, and UCSC lawyers were successful on a technicality: the notice of the City Council hearing putting Measure J on the ballot wasn’t printed in the paper on time.

“The recently released Environmental Impact Report for the UCSC water service extension confirms what city voters had expressed: Our water supplies are already stretched. The EIR states, “There are inadequate water supplies to serve the project under existing and future multiple dry year drought conditions.” The EIR considers this water inadequacy in dry years a “Significant Unavoidable Impact.” Under state law a project with such impacts cannot be approved unless the approving agency in this case the City Council makes a statement of “overriding consideration.” That’s a claim that the project’s benefits outweigh the significant impact it will cause. The following may help readers decide if that is the case.

“Water for UCSC expansion would come from the city’s water savings account, Loch Lomond. According to a Water Department 2004 report, “It is important to note that, even in normal water conditions, three of the four major sources are presently being utilized at maximum capacity for a significant portion of the year… What this means operationally is that any future increase in seasonal or annual demand for water will be felt through greater and greater withdrawals from Loch Lomond reservoir.”

read more: Santa Cruz Sentinel


Special Report: Delaware Drinking Water at Risk

The petrochemical complex northwest of Delaware City includes more than half a dozen heavily polluted industrial sites. In May 2008, the state banned any new public or private wells for drinking water over roughly eight square miles. Although environmental officials admit that pollution at the petrochemical complex is vast, they insist it isn’t hurting anyone. (The News Journal/ROBERT CRAIG) Photo retrieved from: Delaware Online

“Tainted groundwater is spreading across thousands of acres in northern Delaware and has reached the Potomac Aquifer, which supplies drinking water to people across much of Delaware, Maryland and New Jersey.

“In some areas of the upper Potomac near Delaware City and New Castle, concentrations of benzene, vinyl chloride and chlorinated benzenes are so high that exposure poses an immediate health threat. Elevated levels of these industrial byproducts significantly increase the risks of cancer. Sustained exposure could kill.

“Northern Delaware is home to some of the worst chemical dumping grounds in America, a legacy of broken promises and corporate misdeeds. Regulators working for Delaware and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have long claimed that the deep clay layers above the aquifer protected it from the foul waters discharged by chemical and petroleum manufacturers.

“Those assurances have proved false.

“The protective layer over the aquifer, scientists now say, is full of holes.

“To prevent a public health disaster, the state has banned public use of groundwater under or near the Delaware City petrochemical complex.

“Toxic pollutants, though, are now moving near the edge of that containment zone, outside the properties of Metachem, Occidental Chemical, Formosa Plastics and the Delaware City Refinery, and toward schools and houses.”

read more: Delaware Online